PRINCIPIA · THEOREM

Two-secants product equality

Depends on: AA similarity, Inscribed angles on same arc are equal; angle in a semicircle is right, Linear pair sums to 180°.

Statement

Let O\odot O be a given circle and PP a point outside the circle. Draw two secants through PP: one meeting the circle at AA and BB (AA closer to PP, BB farther from PP), the other meeting the circle at CC and DD (CC closer to PP, DD farther from PP). Then the products of the two segments cut off on each secant by the circle are equal:

PAPB  =  PCPD.PA \cdot PB \;=\; PC \cdot PD.

In other words, the "power" PAPBPA \cdot PB of an exterior point with respect to the circle is independent of the chosen secant — every secant through PP gives the same constant.

Two-secants theorem: PA \cdot PB = PC \cdot PD

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