PRINCIPIA · THEOREM

Two circles' centerline ⊥ common chord

Depends on: Perpendicular bisector test (equidistant from two endpoints ⇒ on the perpendicular bisector).

Statement

Let O1(r1)\odot O_1(r_1) and O2(r2)\odot O_2(r_2) be two intersecting circles, with common points AA and BB. Then the line of centers O1O2O_1O_2 is the Perpendicular bisector ⇔ equidistant from endpoints of the common chord ABAB — that is,

O1O2    AB,O1O2 bisects AB.O_1 O_2 \;\perp\; AB,\qquad O_1 O_2 \text{ bisects } AB.

This welds together "two circles + line of centers + common chord" in one stroke: the line of centers is automatically both perpendicular to and bisects the common chord, with no extra conditions required.

Two intersecting circles ⊙O_1, ⊙O_2 with common chord AB; the line of centers O_1O_2 meets AB perpendicularly at the midpoint M.

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